ABSTRACT Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential glycolipid present in the outer membrane (OM) of many Gram-negative bacteria.Balanced biosynthesis of LPS is critical for cell viability; too little LPS weakens the OM, while too much LPS is lethal.In Escherichia coli, this balance is maintained by the YciM/FtsH protease complex, which adjusts LPS l
Apology variations among Persian EFL learners in Iran, Iranian-Americans and American English speakers
This study aimed to compare the use of the apology speech act and other semantic formulas among Iranian EFL learners, American native speakers of English, and Iranians living in America for four years.We conducted a transcultural investigation on the use of apology strategies in the two cultures, and then assessed the effects of living in the targe
Multi-modal intermediate integrative methods in neuropsychiatric disorders: A review
The etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders involves complex biological processes at different omics layers, such as genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, proteomics, and metabolomics.The advent of high-throughput technology, as well as the availability of large open-source datasets, has ushered in a new era in system biology, necessitating the in